Critical Appraisal Checklist
Critical Appraisal Checklist
General Items
- Review ethical considerations (e.g., approval, consent).
- Check for limitations acknowledged by the authors.
- Identify gaps in the research that need further investigation.
Study Design
- Identify the type of study (e.g., RCT, cohort, case-control, qualitative).
- Assess if the study design is appropriate for the research question.
Participants
- Evaluate the selection criteria for participants.
- Check if the sample size is adequate.
- Consider if participants were representative of the population.
Intervention/Exposure
- Determine if the intervention/exposure is clearly defined.
- Assess the fidelity of the intervention/exposure implementation.
Outcome Measures
- Evaluate if the outcomes are clearly defined and relevant.
- Check if outcome measurement tools are valid and reliable.
Results
- Assess how results are presented (e.g., tables, graphs).
- Check for statistical significance and effect sizes.
Bias and Confounding
- Identify potential biases (selection, performance, detection, attrition).
- Evaluate if confounding factors were controlled.
Conclusions and Generalizability
- Assess if conclusions are supported by the results.
- Consider if findings can be generalized to other populations.
Funding and Conflicts of Interest
- Check for funding sources and potential conflicts of interest.
- Evaluate if these could influence study outcomes.
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